Research and Development centers; capital companies whose legal or business center is in Turkey, including the places of business of limited taxpayer organizations in Turkey; We can define them as units that are organized as a separate unit within the organizational structure, carry out research and development activities exclusively in the country, and employ at least 15 full-time research and development personnel, having sufficient experience and ability in the field of research and development; Definition in Law No. 5746.
The main purpose of R&D studies is to bring products and services to market. However, another goal is to increase the profitability of the company. Therefore, research and development can be called a company application. So, it differs from the classic company policy and practice from Planned success in long-term research and development. Therefore, there is no direct expectation of profit. Instead, it is an application that is expected to contribute to the profitability of companies in the long run.
Research and development cannot take place without systematic planning. Therefore, since it must be done in a planned manner, it must be associated with a specific program. The first step in this program is observation. During the monitoring process, a concrete examination of needs is made. Each stage of research and development is important, but it is very important to make the right observation first in order to make the right decision. Therefore, basic research should be conducted at the observational stage. Next, it is verified that the new information obtained as a result of the observation is applicable. In this stage, theoretical and empirical practices are used.
Then the experimental development process begins. In this process, the development of the target product or service is completed. The beta development process also includes research. During the research, the previously prepared plan and program are adhered to. Thus, before starting the research and development study, the target design is produced and put into service.
R&D’s activities include a broad understanding of the business. We can analyze R&D studies by dividing them into 3 different sections:
- Basic search
- Applied Research
- Experimental development
The first stage, basic research, is to identify the products and services required. This stage continues in an experimental and theoretical manner. The second stage of applied research is purposeful studies. At this point, new information is revealed and the project continues. Finally, the experimental development phase involves creating a new product or service. This stage may also include improvement of the existing service/product.